Kev txheeb xyuas ntawmpoov tshuaj iodideCAS Registry Number7681-11-0 : kuv
Lub cev muaj zog:
Khoom: tsis muaj xim tsis muaj kob crystal, teej tug mus rau cubic crystal system.Tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw, nrog lub zog iab thiab qab ntsev.
Qhov ceev (g / ml 25oC): 3.13
Melting point (OC): 681
Boiling point (OC, atmospheric siab): 1420
Refractive Index (n20/d): 1.677
Flash point (OC,): 1330
Vapor siab (kPa, 25oC): 0.31 mm Hg
Solubility: yooj yim rau deliquesce hauv huab cua ntub.Thaum raug lub teeb thiab huab cua, cov iodine dawb tuaj yeem raug cais tawm thiab tig daj, uas yooj yim dua los ua daj hauv cov kua qaub aqueous.Nws yog yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv dej thiab absorbs tshav kub heev thaum yaj.Nws yog soluble hauv ethanol, acetone, methanol, glycerol thiab kua hydrogen, thiab me ntsis soluble hauv ether.
Muaj nuj nqi thiab siv:
1. Thaum raug lub teeb los yog muab tso rau hauv huab cua ntev, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov iodine dawb thiab tig daj.Nws yog yooj yim rau oxidize thiab tig daj nyob rau hauv acidic aqueous tov.
2. nws hloov daj yooj yim dua nyob rau hauv acidic aqueous tov.Potassium iodide yog lub cosolvent ntawm iodine.Thaum yaj, nws tsim cov poov tshuaj triiodide nrog iodine, thiab peb yog nyob rau hauv equilibrium.
3. Potassium iodide yog cov zaub mov tso cai iodine fortifier, uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom noj me nyuam mos raws li Suav cov cai.Cov koob tshuaj yog 0.3-0.6mg / kg.Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau lub rooj ntsev.Cov koob tshuaj yog 30-70 ml / kg.Raws li ib feem ntawm thyroxine, iodine koom nrog hauv cov metabolism hauv tag nrho cov khoom hauv cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib thiab tswj cov cua sov sab hauv.Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj hormones rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib.Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib thiab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev.Yog hais tias lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib tsis muaj iodine, nws yuav ua rau cov kab mob metabolic, lub cev tsis zoo, goiter, cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha, xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab pub kev zom thiab nqus, thiab thaum kawg ua rau kev loj hlob qeeb thiab kev loj hlob.
Nws yog yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv dej thiab absorbs tshav kub thaum yaj.Solubility hauv 100g dej yog 127.5g (0 ℃), 144g (20 ℃), 208g (100 ℃).Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm huab cua ntub thiab carbon dioxide, nws yuav decompose thiab tig daj.Soluble hauv methanol, ethanol thiab glycerol.Iodine yog yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov ntawm poov tshuaj iodide.Nws yog reductive thiab tuaj yeem oxidized los ntawm oxidizing cov neeg ua haujlwm xws li hypochlorite, nitrite thiab ferric ions kom tso tawm iodine dawb.Nws decomposes thaum raug lub teeb, yog li nws yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw kaw, tsaus thiab txias.Ntxiv nrog rau kev siv tshuaj thiab kev yees duab, nws kuj yog siv los ua cov tshuaj analytical reagent.
Khoom thiab stability:
1. Potassium iodide feem ntau yog siv los ua corrosion inhibitor rau steel pickling lossis synergist ntawm lwm yam corrosion inhibitors.Potassium iodide yog cov khoom siv raw rau kev npaj iodide thiab dye.Nws yog siv los ua cov duab emulsifier, khoom noj khoom haus additive, expectorant thiab diuretic nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, tshuaj rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm goiter thiab hyperthyroidism ua ntej ua hauj lwm, thiab analytical reagent.Siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam yees duab ua photosensitive emulsifier, kuj siv los ua tshuaj thiab zaub mov additives.
2. siv raws li pub additive.Iodine, raws li ib feem ntawm thyroxine, koom nyob rau hauv lub metabolism ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib thiab tswj lub tshav kub tshuav nyiaj li cas nyob rau hauv lub cev.Iodine yog ib qho tshuaj hormones tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob thiab lactation ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib.Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib thiab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev.Yog hais tias lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib tsis muaj iodine, nws yuav ua rau cov kab mob metabolic, lub cev tsis zoo, goiter, cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha, kev zom zaub mov thiab kev nqus ntawm lub tsho tiv no xim thiab pub, thiab thaum kawg ua rau kev loj hlob qeeb thiab kev loj hlob.
3. kev lag luam khoom noj siv nws ua cov khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv (iodine fortifier).Nws kuj tseem siv tau los ua khoom noj ntxiv.
4. siv los ua analytical reagent, xws li npaj iodine txheem tov raws li auxiliary reagent.Nws kuj yog siv los ua photosensitive emulsifier thiab pub additive.Siv hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj.
5. poov tshuaj iodide yog lub cosolvent ntawm iodine thiab ib co insoluble hlau iodide.
6. Potassium iodide muaj ob lub ntsiab siv hauv kev kho deg: ua ntej, nws yog siv rau kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj.Nws siv qhov nruab nrab reducibility ntawm iodine ions thiab qee cov oxidizing ions los ua rau tsim cov iodine yooj yim, thiab tom qab ntawd xam cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm iodine;Qhov thib ob, nws yog siv rau complexing ib co hlau ions.Nws raug siv raws li ib tug complexing neeg sawv cev rau cuprous thiab nyiaj nyob rau hauv electroplating tooj liab nyiaj alloy.
Synthetic method:
1. tam sim no, formic acid txo txoj kev feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov poov tshuaj iodide hauv Suav teb.Ntawd yog, potassium iodide thiab potassium iodate yog tsim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm iodine thiab potassium hydroxide, thiab tom qab ntawd potassium iodate raug txo los ntawm formic acid lossis charcoal.Txawm li cas los xij, iodate yog tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, yog li cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los ua zaub mov ntxiv.Khoom noj khoom haus qib potassium iodide tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm txoj kev siv hlau.
Txoj kev khaws cia:
1. nws yuav tsum muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhov cua thiab qhov chaw tsaus.Nws yuav tsum tiv thaiv los ntawm nag thiab hnub thaum thauj.
2. ua tib zoo saib xyuas thaum thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm.Kev vibration thiab kev cuam tshuam raug txwv nruj heev.Thaum hluav taws kub, xuab zeb thiab carbon dioxide tua hluav taws tuaj yeem siv tau.
Toxicology cov ntaub ntawv:
Mob toxicity: ld50:4000mg/kg (kev tswj qhov ncauj rau nas);4720mg / kg (luav percutaneous).
Lc50: 9400mg / m3, 2h (tsaus nas)
Cov ntaub ntawv ecological:
Nws yog me ntsis teeb meem rau dej.Tsis txhob tso cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv ib puag ncig yam tsis muaj kev tso cai los ntawm tsoomfwv
Cov ntaub ntawv molecular:
1. Molar refractive index: 23.24
2. Molar ntim (m3/mol): 123.8
3. Isotonic tshwj xeeb ntim (90.2k): 247.0
4. Nto nro (dyne/cm): 15.8
5. Polarizability (10-24cm3): 9.21
Xam cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj:
1. Tus nqi siv rau hydrophobic parameter xam (xlogp): 2.1
2. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov nyiaj pub dawb hydrogen: 0
3. Tus naj npawb ntawm hydrogen bond receptors: 6
4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 3
5. Topological molecular polarity nto cheeb tsam (TPSA): 9.2
6. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov atom hnyav: 10
7. Nto nqi: 0
8. Kev nyuaj siab: 107
9. Tus lej ntawm isotope atoms: 0
10. Txiav txim seb tus naj npawb ntawm atomic qauv chaw: 0
11. Tus naj npawb ntawm indeterminate atomic stereocenters: 1
12. Txiav txim seb tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg: 0
13. Number of indeterminate chemical bond conformation centers: 0
14. Number of covalent bond units: 1
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-24-2022